UNESCO Officially Recognizes the Algerian Caftan, Quat, and Lhef as Intangible Cultural Heritage

UNESCO has officially ruled in favor of Algeria by recognizing the caftan, quat, and lhef as key elements of its intangible cultural heritage of humanity, following a decision taken during its 20th session in New Delhi.

At its 20th session held in New Delhi, UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage confirmed Algeria’s primacy in the inscription of the caftan. This decision came after controversy surrounding the garment’s cultural attribution.

The ruling explicitly and unequivocally affirms that the caftan is an essential component of Algeria’s historical and cultural heritage. Alongside the caftan, two other emblematic garments — the quat and the lhef — are now officially recognized as part of Algeria’s traditional clothing heritage.

According to a new update published on UNESCO’s official website, the organization approved Algeria’s request to modify and expand the title of the previously inscribed heritage element. The file, which initially focused on the Melehfa and the Gandoura, now bears the comprehensive title:“Women’s ceremonial dress in eastern Algeria: knowledge and skills associated with the making and adornment of the Gandoura, Melehfa, Caftan, Quat, and Lhef.”

This decision, referenced as Decision 20.COM 9, confirms that the caftan, quat, and lhef are inseparable components of Algerian cultural identity. It highlights not only the garments themselves, but also the craftsmanship, embroidery techniques, and social rituals passed down through generations.

The Caftan Included in the Wedding Rites of Tlemcen

In a separate but related move, UNESCO has also updated another Algerian heritage file titled “Rites and craftsmanship associated with the tradition of the wedding costume of Tlemcen,” originally inscribed in 2012.

At Algeria’s request, the committee officially added the mention of “the wearing of the caftan” to this inscription. This clarification ensures that the caftan is formally recognized in all UNESCO documentation related to Tlemcen’s wedding traditions.

The update responds to long-standing demands from artisans and tradition bearers seeking accurate representation of the traditional term “Lebset El-Arftan.” The goal is to strengthen international understanding of this heritage and preserve its authenticity for future generations.

Through these updated inscriptions, Algeria has reinforced the international recognition and protection of its traditional garments. The decisions affirm the Algerian identity of the caftan, quat, and lhef, while celebrating the craftsmanship and cultural rituals that continue to define the nation’s heritage.